SEBA Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Change of Earth’s Surface MCQs (2026–27) – Assam Eduverse

Q23. Match the following:

1. Lateral erosion   a) Ice sheet over large area
2. Meander cut-off  b) Formed by wave erosion
3. Continental glacier c) Bank erosion
4. Sea cliff     d) Ox-bow lake

a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–a, 4–b
b) 1–d, 2–c, 3–a, 4–b
c) 1–c, 2–a, 3–d, 4–b
d) 1–b, 2–d, 3–a, 4–c

Answer: a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–a, 4–b

Q24. Match the following:

1. Yardang     a) Deposit along river banks
2. Natural levee  b) Deposits under glacier
3. Ground moraine c) Coastal depositional feature
4. Beach      d) Ridge formed by wind erosion

a) 1–d, 2–a, 3–b, 4–c
b) 1–a, 2–d, 3–b, 4–c
c) 1–d, 2–b, 3–a, 4–c
d) 1–c, 2–a, 3–b, 4–d

Answer: a) 1–d, 2–a, 3–b, 4–c

Q25. Match the following:

1. Endogenic forces a) Internal forces
2. Exogenic forces b) External forces
3. River basin   c) Area drained by river
4. Tsunami     d) Devastating sea wave

a) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d
b) 1–b, 2–a, 3–c, 4–d
c) 1–a, 2–c, 3–b, 4–d
d) 1–a, 2–b, 3–d, 4–c

Answer: a) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d

Q26. In which course of a river is vertical erosion dominant?
a) Lower course
b) Middle course
c) Upper course
d) Delta region
Answer: c) Upper course

Q27. Bank erosion of a river is also known as:
a) Vertical erosion
b) Lateral erosion
c) Deposition
d) Deflation
Answer: b) Lateral erosion

Q28. Natural levees are formed due to deposition of:
a) Heavy boulders
b) Lava
c) Fine sediments during floods
d) Glacial ice
Answer: c) Fine sediments during floods

Q29. Most of the world’s big rivers form deltas at their mouths because:
a) River speed increases
b) Deposition takes place
c) Erosion is highest
d) Wind action dominates
Answer: b) Deposition takes place

Q30. The steep rocky coast formed by wave erosion is called:
a) Beach
b) Sea cliff
c) Sandbar
d) Moraine
Answer: b) Sea cliff

Q31. Beaches are mainly formed due to:
a) Volcanic eruption
b) Glacial erosion
c) Deposition by sea waves
d) River erosion
Answer: c) Deposition by sea waves

Q32. A continental glacier is mainly found in:
a) Desert
b) Coastal plains
c) Polar regions
d) River valleys
Answer: c) Polar regions

Q33. A valley glacier is also known as:
a) Mountain glacier
b) Ground glacier
c) Desert glacier
d) Sea glacier
Answer: a) Mountain glacier

Q34. The sharp conical peak formed due to glacial erosion is called:
a) Inselberg
b) Yardang
c) Glacial horn
d) Sand dune
Answer: c) Glacial horn

Q35. A tsunami is generally caused by:
a) Strong winds
b) Heavy rainfall
c) Earthquake under the sea
d) River flood
Answer: c) Earthquake under the sea

Q36. Assertion: The velocity of a river decreases as it enters the plains.
Reason: The slope of the land becomes gentle in the plains.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q37. Assertion: Sandbars are formed in river channels.
Reason: Heavy materials like boulders remain deposited in the river channel.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q38. Assertion: Glaciers move very fast like rivers.
Reason: They are made of solid ice.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: Assertion is true but Reason is false.

Q39. Assertion: Sea-wave action is stronger where winds are strong.
Reason: Wind determines the strength of wave action.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q40. Assertion: Endogenic forces act very slowly.
Reason: Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions create sudden changes.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: Assertion is false but Reason is true.

Q41. Which of the following are depositional features of rivers?
i) Floodplain
ii) Delta
iii) Natural levee
iv) V-shaped valley
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q42. Which of the following are erosional features of wind?
i) Inselberg
ii) Yardang
iii) Sand dune
iv) Delta
a) i and ii
b) ii and iii
c) i, ii and iii
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: a) i and ii

Q43. Which of the following are glacial depositional features?
i) Lateral moraine
ii) Medial moraine
iii) Ground moraine
iv) Sea cliff
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q44. Which factors influence wave action on coasts?
i) Wind
ii) Nature of rocks
iii) Presence of rivers
iv) Internal heat of earth
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q45. Which processes bring changes on the earth’s surface?
i) Erosion
ii) Transportation
iii) Deposition
iv) Evaporation
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q46. Match the following:

1. Upper course   a) Delta formation
2. Middle course     b) Strong vertical erosion
3. Lower course    c) Meandering
4. River mouth      d) Deposition of fine sediments

a) 1–b, 2–c, 3–d, 4–a
b) 1–c, 2–b, 3–a, 4–d
c) 1–b, 2–d, 3–c, 4–a
d) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d

Answer: a) 1–b, 2–c, 3–d, 4–a

Q47. Match the following:

1. Continental glacier a) Sharp peak
2. Valley glacier      b) Between two glaciers
3. Medial moraine    c) Ice sheet in polar areas
4. Glacial horn     d) Mountain glacier

a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–b, 4–a
b) 1–d, 2–c, 3–a, 4–b
c) 1–c, 2–b, 3–d, 4–a
d) 1–a, 2–c, 3–b, 4–d

Answer: a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–b, 4–a

Q48. Match the following:

1. Deflation    a) Depositional coastal feature
2. Sand dune   b) Wind erosion process
3. Sea cliff     c) Wave erosion
4. Beach     d) Wind deposition

a) 1–b, 2–d, 3–c, 4–a
b) 1–d, 2–b, 3–c, 4–a
c) 1–b, 2–c, 3–d, 4–a
d) 1–c, 2–d, 3–b, 4–a

Answer: a) 1–b, 2–d, 3–c, 4–a

Q49. Match the following:

1. Floodplain   a) Deposits inside river channel
2. Natural levee  b) Horse-shoe shaped lake
3. Sandbar    c) Fertile plain
4. Ox-bow lake  d) Deposits along river banks

a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–a, 4–b
b) 1–d, 2–c, 3–a, 4–b
c) 1–c, 2–a, 3–d, 4–b
d) 1–a, 2–d, 3–c, 4–b

Answer: a) 1–c, 2–d, 3–a, 4–b

Q50. Match the following:

1. Earthquake    a) Exogenic factor
2. River      b) Endogenic factor
3. Wind      c) Desert features
4. Glacier     d) Ice erosion

a) 1–b, 2–a, 3–c, 4–d
b) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d
c) 1–b, 2–c, 3–a, 4–d
d) 1–d, 2–a, 3–c, 4–b

Answer: a) 1–b, 2–a, 3–c, 4–d