SEBA Class 9 Science Chapter 5 The Fundamental Unit of Life MCQs (2026–27) – Assam Eduverse

Q1. Who discovered cells for the first time?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Robert Brown
c) Robert Hooke
d) Schleiden
Answer: c) Robert Hooke

Q2. Cells were first observed in a slice of:
a) Onion
b) Cork
c) Leaf
d) Root
Answer: b) Cork

Q3. The basic structural and functional unit of life is:
a) Tissue
b) Organ
c) Cell
d) Nucleus
Answer: c) Cell

Q4. Movement of substances from higher concentration to lower concentration is called:
a) Osmosis
b) Diffusion
c) Endocytosis
d) Respiration
Answer: b) Diffusion

Q5. The plasma membrane is called selectively permeable because:
a) It allows all substances to pass
b) It blocks all substances
c) It allows some substances to pass and blocks others
d) It is very thick
Answer: c) It allows some substances to pass and blocks others

Q6. Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called:
a) Diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Plasmolysis
d) Respiration
Answer: b) Osmosis

Q7. A solution with higher water concentration than the cell is called:
a) Hypertonic
b) Isotonic
c) Hypotonic
d) Concentrated
Answer: c) Hypotonic

Q8. Plasmolysis occurs when a plant cell is placed in:
a) Distilled water
b) Hypotonic solution
c) Hypertonic solution
d) Isotonic solution
Answer: c) Hypertonic solution

Q9. The cell wall in plant cells is mainly made up of:
a) Protein
b) Lipid
c) Cellulose
d) Starch
Answer: c) Cellulose

Q10. The nucleus was discovered by:
a) Hooke
b) Brown
c) Schwann
d) Virchow
Answer: b) Brown

Q11. Functional segments of DNA are called:
a) Chromosomes
b) Genes
c) Nucleoid
d) Plastids
Answer: b) Genes

Q12. Prokaryotic cells lack:
a) Cytoplasm
b) Plasma membrane
c) Nuclear membrane
d) Ribosomes
Answer: c) Nuclear membrane

Q13. The site of protein synthesis in a cell is:
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosomes
c) Lysosomes
d) Vacuole
Answer: b) Ribosomes

Q14. Rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough because of:
a) Folds
b) Ribosomes
c) DNA
d) Lipids
Answer: b) Ribosomes

Q15. The Golgi apparatus is mainly involved in:
a) Respiration
b) Packaging and storage
c) Photosynthesis
d) Digestion
Answer: b) Packaging and storage

Q16. Lysosomes are known as suicide bags because they:
a) Store food
b) Produce energy
c) Digest their own cell when damaged
d) Help in photosynthesis
Answer: c) Digest their own cell when damaged

Q17. The powerhouse of the cell is:
a) Chloroplast
b) Mitochondria
c) Vacuole
d) Nucleus
Answer: b) Mitochondria

Q18. ATP is known as:
a) Energy currency of the cell
b) Genetic material
c) Storage protein
d) Enzyme
Answer: a) Energy currency of the cell

Q19. Plastids are present in:
a) Animal cells only
b) Plant cells only
c) Bacteria only
d) All cells
Answer: b) Plant cells only

Q20. The cell division responsible for growth and repair is:
a) Meiosis
b) Binary fission
c) Mitosis
d) Budding
Answer: c) Mitosis

Q21. Assertion: The plasma membrane is selectively permeable.
Reason: It allows only certain substances to enter and leave the cell.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Q22. Assertion: Lysosomes are called suicide bags.
Reason: They contain powerful digestive enzymes.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Q23. Assertion: Mitochondria are called powerhouses of the cell.
Reason: They release energy in the form of ATP.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Q24. Assertion: Prokaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus.
Reason: They possess a nuclear membrane.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: d) A is false but R is true

Q25. Assertion: Chromoplasts containing chlorophyll are called chloroplasts.
Reason: Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Q31. Which of the following are present in eukaryotic cells?
i) Nuclear membrane
ii) Membrane-bound organelles
iii) Nucleoid
iv) Well-defined nucleus
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iv
c) ii and iii
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iv

Q32. Which organelles contain their own DNA?
i) Mitochondria
ii) Plastids
iii) Lysosomes
iv) Ribosomes
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: a) i and ii

Q33. Which are functions of Golgi apparatus?
i) Storage
ii) Packaging
iii) Modification of substances
iv) ATP production
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q34. Which structures are involved in protein synthesis?
i) Ribosomes
ii) Rough ER
iii) Smooth ER
iv) Mitochondria
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: a) i and ii

Q35. Which are types of plastids?
i) Chromoplast
ii) Leucoplast
iii) Chloroplast
iv) Lysoplast
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q36. Which are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
i) No nuclear membrane
ii) No membrane-bound organelles
iii) Single chromosome
iv) Large size (5–100 µm)
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q37. Which processes involve movement through plasma membrane?
i) Diffusion
ii) Osmosis
iii) Endocytosis
iv) Meiosis
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q38. Which are functions of vacuoles?
i) Storage
ii) Maintain turgidity
iii) ATP production
iv) Store cell sap
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iv
c) ii and iii
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iv

Q39. Which are parts of a typical cell?
i) Plasma membrane
ii) Cytoplasm
iii) Nucleus
iv) Tissue
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii

Q40. Which are examples of unicellular organisms mentioned in the chapter?
i) Amoeba
ii) Chlamydomonas
iii) Paramoecium
iv) Human
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii and iv
d) i, ii, iii and iv
Answer: b) i, ii and iii