AHSEC (ASSEB) Class 11 Biology Chapter 1 Solutions – The Living World | Assam Eduverse
Chapter Overview:
Assam Eduverse provides comprehensive, accurate, and student-friendly solutions for Class 11 Biology (AHSEC / ASSEB) – Unit I: Diversity in the Living World, Chapter 1 – The Living World. These well-structured solutions cover all intext questions, exercise questions, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with clear explanations, helping students develop a strong conceptual foundation and prepare effectively for their examinations.
Chapter 1 – The Living World offers an insightful introduction to the diversity of living organisms on Earth. It explains the meaning of life, the distinctive features of living beings, and the importance of biological classification. Students learn about the principles of taxonomy and systematics, the concept of species, and various hierarchical categories such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. The lesson also highlights the contributions of Carolus Linnaeus and the significance of binomial nomenclature in the scientific identification and organization of living organisms.
Assam Eduverse’s Class 11 Biology Solutions are written in simple, exam-oriented, and easy-to-understand language, ensuring better clarity, quick learning, and high exam performance. These accurate and reliable solutions help students grasp key biological concepts, appreciate the unity and diversity of life, and excel in AHSEC / ASSEB Biology exams with confidence and deeper understanding.
AHSEC (ASSEB) Class 11 Biology Chapter 1 : The Living World Solutions & Question Answers
EXERCISES
Q1. Why are living organisms classified?
Answer: Living organisms are classified to make their study easier and ensure a common naming system worldwide. It helps group the vast number of organisms based on similar features, making identification and study systematic. Classification also shows relationships among organisms and helps in fields like agriculture, forestry, and industry.
Q2. Why are the classification systems changing every now and then?
Answer: Millions of plants animals and microorganisms are found on earth. Many of these have been identified by the scientists while many new species are still being discovered around the world. Therefore to classify these newly discovered species new systems of classification have to be devised every now and then. This creates the requirement to change the existing systems of classification.
Q3. What different criteria would you choose to classify people that you meet often?
Answer: We can classify people based on observable features like:
- Profession (teacher, student, engineer)
- Age group (child, adult, senior)
- Residence (city, village)
- Hobbies or interests (sports, music, reading)
- Language spoken
Like taxonomy, this helps group people systematically from broad to specific categories.
Q4. What do we learn from identification of individuals and populations?
Answer: From identifying individuals and populations, we learn the correct scientific name of organisms and their key characteristics. Identification helps distinguish similarities and differences among organisms, which is the first step in naming and classifying them scientifically. It allows accurate communication about species worldwide and helps place each organism correctly within the taxonomic hierarchy.
Q5. Given below is the scientific name of Mango. Identify the correctly written name.
Answer: The correctly written scientific name of Mango is Mangifera indica. The first word, Mangifera, starts with a capital letter (generic name), and the second word, indica, starts with a small letter (specific epithet). Both are written in italics to indicate their Latin origin, following universal rules of binomial nomenclature.
Q6. Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels.
Answer: A taxon is a scientific category or unit used in classification, representing a rank in the taxonomic hierarchy. Each taxon is a distinct biological group. Examples include:
| Hierarchical Level | Example Taxon | Basis of Classification |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Animalia | All animals |
| Phylum | Chordata | Animals with notochord and dorsal nerve cord |
| Class | Mammalia | Animals with external ears and body hair |
| Order | Carnivora | Includes families like Felidae and Canidae |
| Family | Felidae | Related genera like Panthera and Felis |
| Genus | Panthera | Group of closely related species (lion, tiger, leopard) |
| Species | indica | Organisms with fundamental similarities |
Q7. Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?
(a) Species Order Phylum Kingdom
(b) Genus Species Order Kingdom
(c) Species Genus Order Phylum
Answer: The correct sequence of taxonomic categories in ascending order is: Species → Genus → Family → Order → Class → Phylum/Division → Kingdom. Therefore, the correct option is (a) Species → Genus → Order → Phylum → Kingdom.
Q8. Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word ‘species’. Discuss with your teacher the meaning of species in case of higher plants and animals on one hand, and bacteria on the other hand.
Answer: A species is a group of organisms with similar features.
- In higher plants and animals: A species includes individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
- In bacteria: As they reproduce asexually, species are defined by genetic and biochemical similarities.
Q9. 9. Define and understand the following terms:
(i) Phylum (ii) Class (iii) Family (iv) Order (v) Genus The taxonomic hierarchy is made of various categories, each called a taxon.
Answer:
(i) Phylum: A phylum includes related classes. For animals, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals belong to Phylum Chordata (all have a notochord). In plants, the equivalent category is called a Division.
(ii) Class: Includes related orders. For example, Primata (monkeys, humans) and Carnivora (tigers, dogs) belong to Class Mammalia.
(iii) Family: Includes related genera. For plants, genera like Solanum, Petunia, and Datura are in Family Solanaceae. For animals, Panthera and Felis belong to Family Felidae.
(iv) Order: Includes related families. For example, Felidae and Canidae are in Order Carnivora. In plants, Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae belong to Order Polymoniales.
(v) Genus: A genus is a group of closely related species. For example, Panthera leo (lion), Panthera pardus (leopard), and Panthera tigris (tiger) belong to Genus Panthera. In plants, Solanum tuberosum (potato) and Solanum melongena (brinjal) belong to Genus Solanum.
Q10. Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plant and an animal.
Answer: The taxonomic hierarchy shows the arrangement of organisms from lowest (species) to highest (kingdom).
| Taxonomic Category | Man (Animal) | Mango (Plant) |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | Animalia | Plantae |
| Phylum/Division | Chordata | Angiospermae |
| Class | Mammalia | Dicotyledonae |
| Order | Primata | Sapindales |
| Family | Hominidae | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus | Homo | Mangifera |
| Species | sapiens | indica |
Hence, the biological names are Homo sapiens (Man) and Mangifera indica (Mango).
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