NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 6 : Control and Coordination Solutions | Assam Eduverse
Chapter Overview
Assam Eduverse presents detailed and student-friendly NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 – Control and Coordination as per CBSE Cirriculum These solutions cover all intext and exercise questions with step-by-step explanations. Students can use these expert-curated answers to boost exam scores and understand key concepts. This chapter explores the human nervous system, the structure and function of the brain, reflex actions, coordination in plants, hormonal control in animals, and endocrine glands.
The following sections include intext questions , exercise questions from the textbook, and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers and explanations.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Intext Questions
📝 Page 105
Q1: What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
Answer:
A reflex action is an automatic, quick, and involuntary response to a stimulus, such as withdrawing your hand from a hot object. It is controlled by the spinal cord. Walking, on the other hand, is a voluntary action controlled by the brain that requires thinking and coordination of muscles.
Q2: What happens at the synapse between two neurons?
Answer:
At the synapse, the electrical signal from one neuron is converted into a chemical signal. This chemical is released into the gap and binds to the receptors on the next neuron, generating a new electrical signal. This process allows transmission of information between neurons.
Q3: Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?
Answer:
The cerebellum, located under the cerebrum at the back of the brain, maintains posture, balance, and equilibrium of the body.
Q4: How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?
Answer:
The smell of an agarbatti is detected by olfactory receptors in our nose. These receptors send signals to the olfactory lobe in the brain, which interprets the smell.
Q5: What is the role of the brain in reflex action?
Answer:
The brain does not play a direct role in initiating reflex actions. Reflex actions are mainly controlled by the spinal cord. However, the brain may be informed of the reflex action after it occurs.
📝 Page 108
Q1: What are plant hormones?
Answer:
Plant hormones are chemical substances that regulate various growth and developmental processes in plants. Common plant hormones include:
Auxins – Promote cell elongation.
Gibberellins – Promote stem growth.
Cytokinins – Promote cell division.
Abscisic acid – Inhibits growth, causes wilting.
Ethylene – Promotes fruit ripening.
Q2: How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?
Answer:
Movement in sensitive plants is a response to touch and is independent of growth. It is a nastic movement.
Movement of a shoot towards light is directional and a growth-related movement called phototropism.
Q3: Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth.
Answer:
Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes growth, particularly cell elongation in shoots.
Q4: How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support?
Answer:
Auxins accumulate on the side of the tendril opposite to the support. This causes the cells on that side to grow faster, making the tendril bend toward the support and curl around it.
Q5: Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.
Answer:
Materials: A moist cotton-filled pot, a narrow tube, seeds (like gram), and soil.
Steps:
Fill a pot with moist soil and place a test tube filled with water on one side.
Sow seeds in the centre.
After a few days, observe the root growth.
Observation: Roots grow towards the water source (test tube), demonstrating hydrotropism.
📝 Page 111
Q1: How does chemical coordination take place in animals?
Answer:
In animals, chemical coordination is carried out by hormones secreted by endocrine glands. These hormones travel through the bloodstream to target organs, where they regulate processes like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood.
Q2: Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?
Answer:
Iodine is needed for the production of thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. A deficiency of iodine can cause goitre. Using iodised salt prevents iodine deficiency and related disorders.
Q3: How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?
Answer:
Adrenaline prepares the body for “fight or flight” during stress or danger. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and glucose availability to muscles for immediate energy.
Q4: Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin?
Answer:
In diabetic patients, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Insulin injections help control blood glucose and prevent complications.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Textbook Chapter End Questions
Q1: Which of the following is a plant hormone?
(a) Insulin
(b) Thyroxine
(c) Oestrogen
(d) Cytokinin
Answer: (d) Cytokinin
Q2: The gap between two neurons is called a
(a) dendrite
(b) synapse
(c) axon
(d) impulse
Answer: (b) Synapse
Q3: The brain is responsible for
(a) thinking
(b) regulating heartbeat
(c) balancing the body
(d) all of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
Q4: What is the function of receptors in our body?
Answer:
Receptors detect stimuli such as heat, pressure, or chemicals and send signals to the brain or spinal cord to initiate a response.
Q5: Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function.
Answer:
Dendrites: It Receive signals.
Cell body: It Processes signals.
Axon: It Transmits signals to the next neuron or muscle.
Nerve endings: It Passes on the message.
Neurons help transmit information rapidly in the body.
Q6: How does phototropism occur in plants?
Answer:
Phototropism is the growth of plant parts in response to light. Auxins accumulate on the shaded side of the plant, promoting more growth on that side, causing the shoot to bend toward the light.
Q7: Which signals will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?
Answer:
Reflex actions, movement control, and transmission of messages between the brain and body will be affected.
Q8: How does chemical coordination occur in plants?
Answer:
Plants use hormones like auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid to regulate growth, development, and responses to the environment.
Q9: What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?
Answer:
Coordination helps organisms respond to environmental changes, maintain balance, and carry out vital functions like movement, digestion, and reproduction in an organized manner.
Q10: How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?
Answer:
Involuntary actions (like heartbeat) are automatic but controlled by the brain, while reflex actions (like pulling hand away from fire) are immediate and controlled by the spinal cord.
Q11: Compare and contrast nervous and hormonal mechanisms for control and coordination in animals.
Answer:
Nervous control is fast, uses electrical signals, and has short-term effects.
Hormonal control is slower, uses chemicals (hormones), and lasts longer.
Nervous control is specific to target muscles or glands, while hormones affect multiple organs.
Q12: What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs?
Answer:
Movement in a sensitive plant like Mimosa is due to changes in water pressure in cells and does not involve nerves. Movement in human legs involves the brain, nerves, and muscles, and is a voluntary action.
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